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Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc

Linde plc (NYSE:LIN)

Adjusted Financial Ratios

Advanced level

Adjusted Financial Ratios (Summary)

Linde plc, adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Activity Ratio
Total Asset Turnover
Reported
Adjusted
Liquidity Ratio
Current Ratio
Reported
Adjusted
Solvency Ratios
Debt to Equity
Reported
Adjusted
Debt to Capital
Reported
Adjusted
Financial Leverage
Reported
Adjusted
Profitability Ratios
Net Profit Margin
Reported
Adjusted
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported
Adjusted
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported
Adjusted

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Linde plc’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. Linde plc’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted debt-to-equity ratio A solvency ratio calculated as adjusted total debt divided by adjusted total equity. Linde plc’s adjusted debt-to-equity ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted debt-to-capital ratio A solvency ratio calculated as adjusted total debt divided by adjusted total debt plus adjusted total equity. Linde plc’s adjusted debt-to-capital ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Linde plc’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly increased from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Linde plc’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total equity. Linde plc’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Linde plc’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Linde plc, Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Sales
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Sales
Adjusted total assets2
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover3

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
Total asset turnover = Sales ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total assets. See details »

3 2019 Calculation
Adjusted total asset turnover = Sales ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Linde plc’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Current Ratio

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted current assets2
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Adjusted current ratio3

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted current assets. See details »

3 2019 Calculation
Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

Liquidity ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. Linde plc’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Debt to Equity

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total debt
Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Debt to equity1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total debt2
Adjusted total equity3
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted debt to equity4

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
Debt to equity = Total debt ÷ Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total debt. See details »

3 Adjusted total equity. See details »

4 2019 Calculation
Adjusted debt to equity = Adjusted total debt ÷ Adjusted total equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted debt-to-equity ratio A solvency ratio calculated as adjusted total debt divided by adjusted total equity. Linde plc’s adjusted debt-to-equity ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Debt to Capital

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total debt
Total capital
Solvency Ratio
Debt to capital1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total debt2
Adjusted total capital3
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted debt to capital4

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
Debt to capital = Total debt ÷ Total capital
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total debt. See details »

3 Adjusted total capital. See details »

4 2019 Calculation
Adjusted debt to capital = Adjusted total debt ÷ Adjusted total capital
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted debt-to-capital ratio A solvency ratio calculated as adjusted total debt divided by adjusted total debt plus adjusted total equity. Linde plc’s adjusted debt-to-capital ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets2
Adjusted total equity3
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage4

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total assets. See details »

3 Adjusted total equity. See details »

4 2019 Calculation
Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted total equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Linde plc’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly increased from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income, Linde plc
Sales
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests2
Sales
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin3

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests. See details »

3 2019 Calculation
Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Linde plc’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income, Linde plc
Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests2
Adjusted total equity3
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE4

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
ROE = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests. See details »

3 Adjusted total equity. See details »

4 2019 Calculation
Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests ÷ Adjusted total equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total equity. Linde plc’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income, Linde plc
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests2
Adjusted total assets3
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA4

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).

1 2019 Calculation
ROA = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests. See details »

3 Adjusted total assets. See details »

4 2019 Calculation
Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income, including noncontrolling interests ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Linde plc’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.