Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
The balance sheet provides creditors, investors, and analysts with information on company resources (assets) and its sources of capital (its equity and liabilities). It normally also provides information about the future earnings capacity of a company assets as well as an indication of cash flows that may come from receivables and inventories.
Liabilities represents obligations of a company arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow of economic benefits from the entity.
ExxonMobil Holdings Corp., consolidated balance sheet: liabilities and stockholders’ equity
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31).
The balance sheet exhibits a significant expansion in total assets and funding, with total liabilities and equity increasing from 338,923 million USD in 2021 to 448,980 million USD by 2025. This growth is driven primarily by a substantial increase in total equity and a moderate rise in total liabilities, reflecting a strengthening of the company's capital base over the five-year period.
- Liability Structure and Debt Management
- Total liabilities rose from 163,240 million USD in 2021 to 182,354 million USD in 2025. A notable divergence is observed between short-term and long-term obligations. Long-term debt, excluding amounts due within one year, showed a consistent downward trend, decreasing from 43,428 million USD in 2021 to 34,241 million USD in 2025. Conversely, current liabilities increased from 56,643 million USD to 72,330 million USD over the same period. This shift suggests a strategy of reducing long-term leveraged debt while managing higher operational current obligations.
- Deferred income tax liabilities experienced a sharp increase, particularly between 2023 and 2024, rising from 24,452 million USD to 39,042 million USD, before stabilizing at 40,216 million USD in 2025. This represents one of the most significant growth areas within the long-term liability section.
- Equity Growth and Capital Composition
- Total equity grew substantially from 175,683 million USD in 2021 to 266,626 million USD in 2025. The primary driver of this growth was earnings reinvested, which climbed steadily from 392,059 million USD to 482,494 million USD. A significant increase in common stock without par value occurred in 2024, jumping from 17,781 million USD to 46,238 million USD, indicating a major capital infusion or accounting adjustment during that fiscal year.
- The company maintained a high level of common stock held in treasury, with values fluctuating between 225,464 million USD and 258,395 million USD, suggesting ongoing share buyback activity that partially offsets the growth in total equity.
- Solvency and Financial Stability
- The overall solvency profile improved over the analyzed period. The ratio of total liabilities to total equity decreased as equity grew at a faster rate than liabilities. The reduction in long-term debt, combined with the steady accumulation of reinvested earnings, indicates a decrease in financial leverage and an increase in internal funding capacity.
- Short-term liquidity pressures are highlighted by the rise in notes and loans payable, which peaked at 9,296 million USD in 2025 after having reached a low of 634 million USD in 2022, suggesting a more active use of short-term credit facilities in recent years.
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