Common Stock Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples)
Quarterly Data
Valuation ratios measure the quantity of an asset or flaw (e.g., earnings) associated with ownership of a specified claim (e.g., a share of ownership of the enterprise).
Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
Humana Inc., historical price multiples (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31).
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/E ratio | The P/E ratio tells analyst how much an investor in common stock pays per dollar of current earnings. | Humana Inc. P/E ratio increased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 but then decreased significantly from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
| P/OP ratio | Because P/E ratio is calculated using net income, the ratio can be sensitive to nonrecurring earnings and capital structure, analysts may use price to operating profit. | Humana Inc. P/OP ratio decreased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 and from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
| P/S ratio | An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative. | Humana Inc. P/S ratio decreased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 and from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
| P/BV ratio | The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company required rate of return and its actual rate of return. | Humana Inc. P/BV ratio decreased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 and from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
Price to Earnings (P/E)
Humana Inc., historical P/E calculation (quarterly data)
| Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 120,653,315 | 123,110,720 | 123,906,750 | 124,944,994 | 124,974,862 | 126,600,318 | 126,553,698 | 126,493,402 | 126,633,599 | 128,534,291 | 128,504,664 | 129,014,427 | 128,861,929 | 132,341,451 | 132,292,566 | 132,206,069 | 132,106,497 | 132,426,045 | 135,089,290 | 135,035,018 | ||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Humana (in millions) | (541) | 832) | 959) | 1,239) | (15) | 1,195) | 696) | 930) | (14) | 1,531) | 588) | 828) | (274) | 1,340) | 1,828) | 473) | 512) | 689) | 940) | 566) | ||||||
| Earnings per share (EPS)2 | 20.63 | 24.49 | 27.26 | 24.93 | 22.45 | 22.17 | 24.84 | 23.99 | 23.16 | 20.80 | 19.31 | 28.85 | 26.13 | 31.38 | 26.47 | 19.77 | 20.49 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 363.98 | 489.36 | 483.75 | 505.47 | 505.69 | 559.58 | 478.35 | 443.37 | 424.71 | 459.45 | 440.81 | 438.62 | 378.33 | 423.43 | 403.91 | 377.38 | 370.99 | 304.94 | 296.75 | 246.16 | ||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/E ratio4 | 17.64 | 19.98 | 17.74 | 20.27 | 22.52 | 25.24 | 19.26 | 18.48 | 18.34 | 22.09 | 22.82 | 15.20 | 14.48 | 13.49 | 15.26 | 19.09 | 18.10 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/E Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 34.57 | 31.95 | 36.16 | 33.21 | 26.76 | 21.95 | 22.24 | 25.48 | 29.13 | 31.42 | 33.80 | 36.79 | 48.49 | 58.45 | 58.36 | 45.61 | 41.83 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 19.03 | 17.59 | 12.80 | 11.43 | 13.13 | 14.99 | 15.60 | 15.72 | 13.43 | 8.43 | 8.60 | 10.62 | 8.71 | 14.60 | 12.08 | 13.82 | 13.26 | — | — | — | ||||||
| CVS Health Corp. | 11.47 | 10.28 | 33.58 | 22.61 | 27.53 | 40.34 | 16.30 | 16.49 | 17.39 | 16.78 | 14.94 | 14.44 | 12.88 | 10.69 | 10.20 | 10.94 | 14.15 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 39.09 | 24.76 | 29.99 | 25.00 | 25.65 | 26.65 | 32.73 | 32.15 | 29.94 | 38.81 | 37.87 | 39.26 | 44.49 | 46.61 | 41.91 | 35.88 | 38.34 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Elevance Health Inc. | 19.80 | 18.14 | 17.03 | 17.46 | 19.20 | 18.75 | 18.07 | 20.46 | 18.13 | 18.65 | 22.10 | 19.99 | 15.87 | 14.35 | 11.97 | 14.80 | 15.96 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 74.11 | 61.96 | 79.78 | 79.43 | 64.99 | 56.03 | 52.74 | 55.10 | 59.94 | 71.86 | 69.15 | 89.95 | 87.47 | 82.17 | 70.73 | 44.27 | 48.72 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Medtronic PLC | 30.94 | 26.88 | 24.40 | 22.61 | 23.38 | 29.39 | 30.66 | 46.71 | 46.56 | 55.13 | 42.80 | 32.34 | 26.30 | 25.38 | 31.86 | 32.75 | 28.78 | 25.11 | 57.38 | 41.16 | ||||||
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 65.99 | 32.51 | 36.96 | 41.86 | 32.02 | 113.90 | 144.94 | 143.13 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 20.53 | 22.75 | 22.15 | 22.01 | 22.46 | 26.13 | 27.70 | 27.29 | 26.03 | 27.92 | 27.41 | 23.06 | 20.54 | 17.70 | 16.88 | 19.91 | 20.48 | — | — | — | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q4 2023 Calculation
EPS
= (Net income attributable to HumanaQ4 2023
+ Net income attributable to HumanaQ3 2023
+ Net income attributable to HumanaQ2 2023
+ Net income attributable to HumanaQ1 2023)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= (-541,000,000 + 832,000,000 + 959,000,000 + 1,239,000,000)
÷ 120,653,315 = 20.63
3 Closing price as at the filing date of Humana Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q4 2023 Calculation
P/E ratio = Share price ÷ EPS
= 363.98 ÷ 20.63 = 17.64
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/E ratio | The P/E ratio tells analyst how much an investor in common stock pays per dollar of current earnings. | Humana Inc. P/E ratio increased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 but then decreased significantly from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
Humana Inc., historical P/OP calculation (quarterly data)
| Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 120,653,315 | 123,110,720 | 123,906,750 | 124,944,994 | 124,974,862 | 126,600,318 | 126,553,698 | 126,493,402 | 126,633,599 | 128,534,291 | 128,504,664 | 129,014,427 | 128,861,929 | 132,341,451 | 132,292,566 | 132,206,069 | 132,106,497 | 132,426,045 | 135,089,290 | 135,035,018 | ||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations (in millions) | (348) | 1,206) | 1,436) | 1,719) | 124) | 1,172) | 1,215) | 1,289) | 61) | 628) | 1,236) | 1,223) | (346) | 1,823) | 2,435) | 1,074) | 362) | 868) | 1,115) | 847) | ||||||
| Operating profit per share2 | 33.26 | 36.43 | 35.92 | 33.85 | 30.41 | 29.52 | 25.23 | 25.41 | 24.86 | 21.33 | 30.63 | 39.80 | 38.69 | 43.03 | 35.82 | 25.86 | 24.16 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 363.98 | 489.36 | 483.75 | 505.47 | 505.69 | 559.58 | 478.35 | 443.37 | 424.71 | 459.45 | 440.81 | 438.62 | 378.33 | 423.43 | 403.91 | 377.38 | 370.99 | 304.94 | 296.75 | 246.16 | ||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/OP ratio4 | 10.94 | 13.43 | 13.47 | 14.93 | 16.63 | 18.96 | 18.96 | 17.45 | 17.08 | 21.55 | 14.39 | 11.02 | 9.78 | 9.84 | 11.28 | 14.59 | 15.35 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/OP Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 30.54 | 27.48 | 30.47 | 27.70 | 22.18 | 18.35 | 18.63 | 21.33 | 24.45 | 26.84 | 29.01 | 31.39 | 40.69 | 45.82 | 45.19 | 35.87 | 34.03 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 11.51 | 11.38 | 10.51 | 9.34 | 10.40 | 12.05 | 10.20 | 10.40 | 9.08 | 9.12 | 9.28 | 11.13 | 9.03 | 9.24 | 7.58 | 8.59 | 8.38 | — | — | — | ||||||
| CVS Health Corp. | 6.96 | 6.32 | 15.41 | 11.67 | 14.75 | 20.01 | 9.97 | 10.06 | 10.43 | 9.43 | 7.87 | 7.61 | 6.65 | 5.89 | 5.98 | 6.19 | 7.83 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 35.64 | 20.91 | 25.06 | 20.60 | 20.97 | 20.71 | 25.91 | 26.48 | 25.14 | 32.12 | 30.83 | 32.62 | 36.91 | 46.28 | 43.09 | 35.22 | 34.47 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Elevance Health Inc. | 15.57 | 14.38 | 13.36 | 13.61 | 15.05 | 15.30 | 14.72 | 17.53 | 15.70 | 15.81 | 19.93 | 15.79 | 12.10 | 10.93 | 9.03 | 11.95 | 13.55 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 75.42 | 55.63 | 70.08 | 66.95 | 54.49 | 46.65 | 44.54 | 49.98 | 56.11 | 67.95 | 69.51 | 89.18 | 88.37 | 83.88 | 71.30 | 43.68 | 48.89 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Medtronic PLC | 21.20 | 19.53 | 17.99 | 19.55 | 20.48 | 25.40 | 27.20 | 38.83 | 37.44 | 49.88 | 42.55 | 35.86 | 26.29 | 21.01 | 23.52 | 22.21 | 21.26 | 19.74 | 21.13 | 20.04 | ||||||
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 61.09 | 50.11 | 59.55 | 67.78 | 55.72 | 104.78 | 129.04 | 129.69 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 14.20 | 15.63 | 15.33 | 15.41 | 15.89 | 18.75 | 19.96 | 19.69 | 18.77 | 19.63 | 19.05 | 16.12 | 14.12 | 12.35 | 11.85 | 13.80 | 14.40 | — | — | — | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q4 2023 Calculation
Operating profit per share
= (Income from operationsQ4 2023
+ Income from operationsQ3 2023
+ Income from operationsQ2 2023
+ Income from operationsQ1 2023)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= (-348,000,000 + 1,206,000,000 + 1,436,000,000 + 1,719,000,000)
÷ 120,653,315 = 33.26
3 Closing price as at the filing date of Humana Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q4 2023 Calculation
P/OP ratio = Share price ÷ Operating profit per share
= 363.98 ÷ 33.26 = 10.94
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/OP ratio | Because P/E ratio is calculated using net income, the ratio can be sensitive to nonrecurring earnings and capital structure, analysts may use price to operating profit. | Humana Inc. P/OP ratio decreased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 and from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
Price to Sales (P/S)
Humana Inc., historical P/S calculation (quarterly data)
| Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 120,653,315 | 123,110,720 | 123,906,750 | 124,944,994 | 124,974,862 | 126,600,318 | 126,553,698 | 126,493,402 | 126,633,599 | 128,534,291 | 128,504,664 | 129,014,427 | 128,861,929 | 132,341,451 | 132,292,566 | 132,206,069 | 132,106,497 | 132,426,045 | 135,089,290 | 135,035,018 | ||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External revenues (in millions) | 26,168) | 26,115) | 26,473) | 26,549) | 22,279) | 22,627) | 23,615) | 23,967) | 21,088) | 20,730) | 20,469) | 20,590) | 18,848) | 19,361) | 19,006) | 18,786) | 16,145) | 16,105) | 16,131) | 16,006) | ||||||
| Sales per share2 | 872.79 | 823.78 | 790.34 | 760.89 | 740.05 | 721.14 | 706.42 | 681.89 | 654.46 | 627.36 | 616.85 | 603.07 | 589.79 | 553.86 | 529.45 | 508.05 | 487.39 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 363.98 | 489.36 | 483.75 | 505.47 | 505.69 | 559.58 | 478.35 | 443.37 | 424.71 | 459.45 | 440.81 | 438.62 | 378.33 | 423.43 | 403.91 | 377.38 | 370.99 | 304.94 | 296.75 | 246.16 | ||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/S ratio4 | 0.42 | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.78 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.64 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.76 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/S Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 4.93 | 4.13 | 4.64 | 4.64 | 4.25 | 3.85 | 4.18 | 4.42 | 4.78 | 5.38 | 5.36 | 5.64 | 6.30 | 6.13 | 5.77 | 5.09 | 4.83 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.49 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.55 | 0.46 | 0.50 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.44 | — | — | — | ||||||
| CVS Health Corp. | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.37 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 7.76 | 4.92 | 6.22 | 5.53 | 5.79 | 5.66 | 6.59 | 6.68 | 6.37 | 7.91 | 7.72 | 7.27 | 7.01 | 8.15 | 7.48 | 6.34 | 6.29 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Elevance Health Inc. | 0.70 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 0.89 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.65 | 0.74 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 18.71 | 13.72 | 17.06 | 16.21 | 13.81 | 12.62 | 12.69 | 15.34 | 17.89 | 22.12 | 21.73 | 23.19 | 21.29 | 20.09 | 18.44 | 13.33 | 15.01 | — | — | — | ||||||
| Medtronic PLC | 3.72 | 3.55 | 3.42 | 3.79 | 3.72 | 4.54 | 4.54 | 5.74 | 5.57 | 5.71 | 5.43 | 5.11 | 4.36 | 4.34 | 4.82 | 4.72 | 4.36 | 4.04 | 4.27 | 4.35 | ||||||
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 13.31 | 11.81 | 14.62 | 18.07 | 14.12 | 23.32 | 21.91 | 13.88 | 26.40 | 47.87 | 51.28 | 55.81 | 60.01 | 50.01 | 34.78 | 24.98 | 21.46 | — | — | — | ||||||
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 1.25 | 1.39 | 1.35 | 1.37 | 1.40 | 1.62 | 1.66 | 1.61 | 1.58 | 1.55 | 1.47 | 1.49 | 1.24 | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.12 | 1.18 | — | — | — | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q4 2023 Calculation
Sales per share
= (External revenuesQ4 2023
+ External revenuesQ3 2023
+ External revenuesQ2 2023
+ External revenuesQ1 2023)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= (26,168,000,000 + 26,115,000,000 + 26,473,000,000 + 26,549,000,000)
÷ 120,653,315 = 872.79
3 Closing price as at the filing date of Humana Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q4 2023 Calculation
P/S ratio = Share price ÷ Sales per share
= 363.98 ÷ 872.79 = 0.42
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/S ratio | An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative. | Humana Inc. P/S ratio decreased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 and from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |
Price to Book Value (P/BV)
Humana Inc., historical P/BV calculation (quarterly data)
| Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 120,653,315 | 123,110,720 | 123,906,750 | 124,944,994 | 124,974,862 | 126,600,318 | 126,553,698 | 126,493,402 | 126,633,599 | 128,534,291 | 128,504,664 | 129,014,427 | 128,861,929 | 132,341,451 | 132,292,566 | 132,206,069 | 132,106,497 | 132,426,045 | 135,089,290 | 135,035,018 | ||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity (in millions) | 16,262) | 16,949) | 16,834) | 16,577) | 15,311) | 16,254) | 15,490) | 15,319) | 16,080) | 16,260) | 14,843) | 14,190) | 13,728) | 15,768) | 14,416) | 12,355) | 12,037) | 11,601) | 11,872) | 10,841) | ||||||
| Book value per share (BVPS)2 | 134.78 | 137.67 | 135.86 | 132.67 | 122.51 | 128.39 | 122.40 | 121.11 | 126.98 | 126.50 | 115.51 | 109.99 | 106.53 | 119.15 | 108.97 | 93.45 | 91.12 | 87.60 | 87.88 | 80.28 | ||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 363.98 | 489.36 | 483.75 | 505.47 | 505.69 | 559.58 | 478.35 | 443.37 | 424.71 | 459.45 | 440.81 | 438.62 | 378.33 | 423.43 | 403.91 | 377.38 | 370.99 | 304.94 | 296.75 | 246.16 | ||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/BV ratio4 | 2.70 | 3.55 | 3.56 | 3.81 | 4.13 | 4.36 | 3.91 | 3.66 | 3.34 | 3.63 | 3.82 | 3.99 | 3.55 | 3.55 | 3.71 | 4.04 | 4.07 | 3.48 | 3.38 | 3.07 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/BV Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 5.12 | 4.40 | 5.02 | 5.21 | 5.06 | 4.85 | 5.21 | 5.56 | 5.75 | 6.61 | 6.38 | 6.27 | 6.65 | 6.30 | 5.94 | 5.40 | 4.96 | 4.65 | 4.86 | 4.49 | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 2.13 | 2.04 | 1.87 | 1.73 | 1.95 | 2.20 | 1.86 | 1.84 | 1.53 | 1.49 | 1.44 | 1.86 | 1.46 | 1.61 | 1.34 | 1.51 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.44 | 1.42 | ||||||
| CVS Health Corp. | 1.25 | 1.19 | 1.35 | 1.26 | 1.61 | 1.80 | 1.77 | 1.79 | 1.83 | 1.71 | 1.47 | 1.51 | 1.33 | 1.24 | 1.24 | 1.21 | 1.47 | 1.47 | 1.23 | 1.25 | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 3.47 | 2.78 | 3.65 | 3.33 | 3.64 | 3.77 | 4.36 | 4.36 | 4.16 | 5.11 | 4.82 | 4.46 | 3.93 | 4.38 | 3.90 | 3.68 | 3.72 | 3.02 | 3.19 | 2.88 | ||||||
| Elevance Health Inc. | 3.02 | 2.87 | 2.86 | 2.90 | 3.19 | 3.24 | 3.08 | 3.55 | 3.07 | 2.88 | 2.67 | 2.78 | 2.19 | 2.10 | 2.06 | 2.23 | 2.42 | 2.13 | 2.40 | 2.15 | ||||||
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 10.01 | 7.49 | 9.57 | 9.29 | 7.78 | 6.71 | 6.29 | 7.48 | 8.59 | 10.64 | 10.35 | 10.40 | 9.53 | 9.35 | 9.19 | 7.22 | 8.13 | 8.43 | 8.49 | 8.68 | ||||||
| Medtronic PLC | 2.26 | 2.12 | 2.03 | 2.23 | 2.24 | 2.75 | 2.77 | 3.52 | 3.26 | 3.14 | 3.02 | 2.84 | 2.48 | 2.60 | 2.94 | 2.87 | 2.66 | 2.48 | 2.62 | 2.59 | ||||||
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 14.53 | 13.19 | 14.61 | 17.65 | 13.53 | 28.17 | 26.12 | 15.49 | 25.89 | 38.17 | 32.02 | 23.09 | 18.03 | 12.53 | 7.25 | 7.15 | 4.78 | 8.90 | 9.91 | 10.55 | ||||||
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 5.18 | 5.84 | 5.68 | 5.60 | 5.81 | 6.80 | 6.94 | 6.54 | 6.27 | 6.13 | 5.76 | 5.86 | 4.83 | 4.54 | 4.53 | 4.81 | 4.92 | 4.32 | 4.40 | 4.37 | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q4 2023 Calculation
BVPS = Stockholders’ equity ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= 16,262,000,000 ÷ 120,653,315 = 134.78
3 Closing price as at the filing date of Humana Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q4 2023 Calculation
P/BV ratio = Share price ÷ BVPS
= 363.98 ÷ 134.78 = 2.70
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/BV ratio | The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company required rate of return and its actual rate of return. | Humana Inc. P/BV ratio decreased from Q2 2023 to Q3 2023 and from Q3 2023 to Q4 2023. |