Stock Analysis on Net

Verizon Communications Inc. (NYSE:VZ)

Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) 

Microsoft Excel

Capital asset pricing model (CAPM) indicates what should be the expected or required rate of return on risky assets like Verizon Communications Inc. common stock.


Rates of Return

Verizon Communications Inc., monthly rates of return

Microsoft Excel
Verizon Communications Inc. (VZ) Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500)
t Date PriceVZ,t1 DividendVZ,t1 RVZ,t2 PriceS&P 500,t RS&P 500,t3
Jan 31, 2019 $55.06 2,704.10
1. Feb 28, 2019 $56.92 3.38% 2,784.49 2.97%
2. Mar 31, 2019 $59.13 3.88% 2,834.40 1.79%
3. Apr 30, 2019 $57.19 $0.6025 -2.26% 2,945.83 3.93%
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
58. Nov 30, 2023 $38.33 9.11% 4,567.80 8.92%
59. Dec 31, 2023 $37.70 -1.64% 4,769.83 4.42%
Average (R): -0.10% 1.11%
Standard deviation: 5.01% 5.31%
Verizon Communications Inc. (VZ) Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500)
t Date PriceVZ,t1 DividendVZ,t1 RVZ,t2 PriceS&P 500,t RS&P 500,t3
Jan 31, 2019 $55.06 2,704.10
1. Feb 28, 2019 $56.92 3.38% 2,784.49 2.97%
2. Mar 31, 2019 $59.13 3.88% 2,834.40 1.79%
3. Apr 30, 2019 $57.19 $0.6025 -2.26% 2,945.83 3.93%
4. May 31, 2019 $54.35 -4.97% 2,752.06 -6.58%
5. Jun 30, 2019 $57.13 5.11% 2,941.76 6.89%
6. Jul 31, 2019 $55.27 $0.6025 -2.20% 2,980.38 1.31%
7. Aug 31, 2019 $58.16 5.23% 2,926.46 -1.81%
8. Sep 30, 2019 $60.36 3.78% 2,976.74 1.72%
9. Oct 31, 2019 $60.47 $0.615 1.20% 3,037.56 2.04%
10. Nov 30, 2019 $60.24 -0.38% 3,140.98 3.40%
11. Dec 31, 2019 $61.40 1.93% 3,230.78 2.86%
12. Jan 31, 2020 $59.44 $0.615 -2.19% 3,225.52 -0.16%
13. Feb 29, 2020 $54.16 -8.88% 2,954.22 -8.41%
14. Mar 31, 2020 $53.73 -0.79% 2,584.59 -12.51%
15. Apr 30, 2020 $57.45 $0.615 8.07% 2,912.43 12.68%
16. May 31, 2020 $57.38 -0.12% 3,044.31 4.53%
17. Jun 30, 2020 $55.13 -3.92% 3,100.29 1.84%
18. Jul 31, 2020 $57.48 $0.615 5.38% 3,271.12 5.51%
19. Aug 31, 2020 $59.27 3.11% 3,500.31 7.01%
20. Sep 30, 2020 $59.49 0.37% 3,363.00 -3.92%
21. Oct 31, 2020 $56.99 $0.6275 -3.15% 3,269.96 -2.77%
22. Nov 30, 2020 $60.41 6.00% 3,621.63 10.75%
23. Dec 31, 2020 $58.75 -2.75% 3,756.07 3.71%
24. Jan 31, 2021 $54.75 $0.6275 -5.74% 3,714.24 -1.11%
25. Feb 28, 2021 $55.30 1.00% 3,811.15 2.61%
26. Mar 31, 2021 $58.15 5.15% 3,972.89 4.24%
27. Apr 30, 2021 $57.79 $0.6275 0.46% 4,181.17 5.24%
28. May 31, 2021 $56.49 -2.25% 4,204.11 0.55%
29. Jun 30, 2021 $56.03 -0.81% 4,297.50 2.22%
30. Jul 31, 2021 $55.78 $0.6275 0.67% 4,395.26 2.27%
31. Aug 31, 2021 $55.00 -1.40% 4,522.68 2.90%
32. Sep 30, 2021 $54.01 -1.80% 4,307.54 -4.76%
33. Oct 31, 2021 $52.99 $0.64 -0.70% 4,605.38 6.91%
34. Nov 30, 2021 $50.27 -5.13% 4,567.00 -0.83%
35. Dec 31, 2021 $51.96 3.36% 4,766.18 4.36%
36. Jan 31, 2022 $53.23 $0.64 3.68% 4,515.55 -5.26%
37. Feb 28, 2022 $53.67 0.83% 4,373.94 -3.14%
38. Mar 31, 2022 $50.94 -5.09% 4,530.41 3.58%
39. Apr 30, 2022 $46.30 $0.64 -7.85% 4,131.93 -8.80%
40. May 31, 2022 $51.29 10.78% 4,132.15 0.01%
41. Jun 30, 2022 $50.75 -1.05% 3,785.38 -8.39%
42. Jul 31, 2022 $46.19 $0.64 -7.72% 4,130.29 9.11%
43. Aug 31, 2022 $41.81 -9.48% 3,955.00 -4.24%
44. Sep 30, 2022 $37.97 -9.18% 3,585.62 -9.34%
45. Oct 31, 2022 $37.37 $0.6525 0.14% 3,871.98 7.99%
46. Nov 30, 2022 $38.98 4.31% 4,080.11 5.38%
47. Dec 31, 2022 $39.40 1.08% 3,839.50 -5.90%
48. Jan 31, 2023 $41.57 $0.6525 7.16% 4,076.60 6.18%
49. Feb 28, 2023 $38.81 -6.64% 3,970.15 -2.61%
50. Mar 31, 2023 $38.89 0.21% 4,109.31 3.51%
51. Apr 30, 2023 $38.83 $0.6525 1.52% 4,169.48 1.46%
52. May 31, 2023 $35.63 -8.24% 4,179.83 0.25%
53. Jun 30, 2023 $37.19 4.38% 4,376.86 4.71%
54. Jul 31, 2023 $34.08 $0.6525 -6.61% 4,588.96 4.85%
55. Aug 31, 2023 $34.98 2.64% 4,507.66 -1.77%
56. Sep 30, 2023 $32.41 -7.35% 4,288.05 -4.87%
57. Oct 31, 2023 $35.13 $0.665 10.44% 4,193.80 -2.20%
58. Nov 30, 2023 $38.33 9.11% 4,567.80 8.92%
59. Dec 31, 2023 $37.70 -1.64% 4,769.83 4.42%
Average (R): -0.10% 1.11%
Standard deviation: 5.01% 5.31%

Show all

1 Data in US$ per share of common stock, adjusted for splits and stock dividends.

2 Rate of return on common stock of VZ during period t

3 Rate of return on S&P 500 (the market portfolio proxy) during period t


Variance and Covariance

Verizon Communications Inc., calculation of variance and covariance of returns

Microsoft Excel
t Date RVZ,t RS&P 500,t (RVZ,tRVZ)2 (RS&P 500,tRS&P 500)2 (RVZ,tRVZ)×(RS&P 500,tRS&P 500)
1. Feb 28, 2019 3.38% 2.97% 12.10 3.49 6.50
2. Mar 31, 2019 3.88% 1.79% 15.87 0.47 2.73
3. Apr 30, 2019 -2.26% 3.93% 4.67 7.98 -6.11
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
58. Nov 30, 2023 9.11% 8.92% 84.82 61.03 71.95
59. Dec 31, 2023 -1.64% 4.42% 2.38 11.00 -5.12
Total (Σ): 1,457.82 1,634.30 671.03
t Date RVZ,t RS&P 500,t (RVZ,tRVZ)2 (RS&P 500,tRS&P 500)2 (RVZ,tRVZ)×(RS&P 500,tRS&P 500)
1. Feb 28, 2019 3.38% 2.97% 12.10 3.49 6.50
2. Mar 31, 2019 3.88% 1.79% 15.87 0.47 2.73
3. Apr 30, 2019 -2.26% 3.93% 4.67 7.98 -6.11
4. May 31, 2019 -4.97% -6.58% 23.67 59.04 37.38
5. Jun 30, 2019 5.11% 6.89% 27.20 33.49 30.18
6. Jul 31, 2019 -2.20% 1.31% 4.41 0.04 -0.43
7. Aug 31, 2019 5.23% -1.81% 28.41 8.50 -15.54
8. Sep 30, 2019 3.78% 1.72% 15.08 0.37 2.38
9. Oct 31, 2019 1.20% 2.04% 1.69 0.88 1.22
10. Nov 30, 2019 -0.38% 3.40% 0.08 5.28 -0.64
11. Dec 31, 2019 1.93% 2.86% 4.11 3.07 3.55
12. Jan 31, 2020 -2.19% -0.16% 4.37 1.61 2.65
13. Feb 29, 2020 -8.88% -8.41% 77.13 90.57 83.58
14. Mar 31, 2020 -0.79% -12.51% 0.48 185.44 9.44
15. Apr 30, 2020 8.07% 12.68% 66.73 134.06 94.58
16. May 31, 2020 -0.12% 4.53% 0.00 11.71 -0.07
17. Jun 30, 2020 -3.92% 1.84% 14.60 0.54 -2.80
18. Jul 31, 2020 5.38% 5.51% 30.02 19.40 24.13
19. Aug 31, 2020 3.11% 7.01% 10.34 34.82 18.97
20. Sep 30, 2020 0.37% -3.92% 0.22 25.29 -2.37
21. Oct 31, 2020 -3.15% -2.77% 9.28 15.00 11.80
22. Nov 30, 2020 6.00% 10.75% 37.23 93.10 58.87
23. Dec 31, 2020 -2.75% 3.71% 7.01 6.79 -6.90
24. Jan 31, 2021 -5.74% -1.11% 31.81 4.93 12.52
25. Feb 28, 2021 1.00% 2.61% 1.22 2.26 1.66
26. Mar 31, 2021 5.15% 4.24% 27.61 9.85 16.49
27. Apr 30, 2021 0.46% 5.24% 0.31 17.11 2.32
28. May 31, 2021 -2.25% 0.55% 4.62 0.31 1.20
29. Jun 30, 2021 -0.81% 2.22% 0.51 1.24 -0.80
30. Jul 31, 2021 0.67% 2.27% 0.60 1.37 0.91
31. Aug 31, 2021 -1.40% 2.90% 1.68 3.22 -2.33
32. Sep 30, 2021 -1.80% -4.76% 2.89 34.37 9.96
33. Oct 31, 2021 -0.70% 6.91% 0.36 33.74 -3.50
34. Nov 30, 2021 -5.13% -0.83% 25.32 3.76 9.76
35. Dec 31, 2021 3.36% 4.36% 11.99 10.60 11.27
36. Jan 31, 2022 3.68% -5.26% 14.26 40.51 -24.04
37. Feb 28, 2022 0.83% -3.14% 0.86 17.99 -3.93
38. Mar 31, 2022 -5.09% 3.58% 24.86 6.11 -12.32
39. Apr 30, 2022 -7.85% -8.80% 60.09 98.04 76.75
40. May 31, 2022 10.78% 0.01% 118.34 1.21 -11.97
41. Jun 30, 2022 -1.05% -8.39% 0.91 90.21 9.04
42. Jul 31, 2022 -7.72% 9.11% 58.12 64.09 -61.03
43. Aug 31, 2022 -9.48% -4.24% 88.02 28.62 50.19
44. Sep 30, 2022 -9.18% -9.34% 82.51 109.11 94.88
45. Oct 31, 2022 0.14% 7.99% 0.06 47.34 1.64
46. Nov 30, 2022 4.31% 5.38% 19.44 18.23 18.82
47. Dec 31, 2022 1.08% -5.90% 1.39 49.04 -8.25
48. Jan 31, 2023 7.16% 6.18% 52.77 25.70 36.83
49. Feb 28, 2023 -6.64% -2.61% 42.75 13.82 24.30
50. Mar 31, 2023 0.21% 3.51% 0.09 5.76 0.74
51. Apr 30, 2023 1.52% 1.46% 2.64 0.13 0.58
52. May 31, 2023 -8.24% 0.25% 66.26 0.74 6.98
53. Jun 30, 2023 4.38% 4.71% 20.06 13.02 16.16
54. Jul 31, 2023 -6.61% 4.85% 42.34 13.99 -24.34
55. Aug 31, 2023 2.64% -1.77% 7.52 8.28 -7.89
56. Sep 30, 2023 -7.35% -4.87% 52.51 35.73 43.32
57. Oct 31, 2023 10.44% -2.20% 111.20 10.92 -34.84
58. Nov 30, 2023 9.11% 8.92% 84.82 61.03 71.95
59. Dec 31, 2023 -1.64% 4.42% 2.38 11.00 -5.12
Total (Σ): 1,457.82 1,634.30 671.03

Show all

VarianceVZ = Σ(RVZ,tRVZ)2 ÷ (59 – 1)
= 1,457.82 ÷ (59 – 1)
= 25.13

VarianceS&P 500 = Σ(RS&P 500,tRS&P 500)2 ÷ (59 – 1)
= 1,634.30 ÷ (59 – 1)
= 28.18

CovarianceVZ, S&P 500 = Σ(RVZ,tRVZ)×(RS&P 500,tRS&P 500) ÷ (59 – 1)
= 671.03 ÷ (59 – 1)
= 11.57


Systematic Risk (β) Estimation

Microsoft Excel
VarianceVZ 25.13
VarianceS&P 500 28.18
CovarianceVZ, S&P 500 11.57
Correlation coefficientVZ, S&P 5001 0.43
βVZ2 0.41
αVZ3 -0.55%

Calculations

1 Correlation coefficientVZ, S&P 500
= CovarianceVZ, S&P 500 ÷ (Standard deviationVZ × Standard deviationS&P 500)
= 11.57 ÷ (5.01% × 5.31%)
= 0.43

2 βVZ
= CovarianceVZ, S&P 500 ÷ VarianceS&P 500
= 11.57 ÷ 28.18
= 0.41

3 αVZ
= AverageVZ – βVZ × AverageS&P 500
= -0.10%0.41 × 1.11%
= -0.55%


Expected Rate of Return

Microsoft Excel
Assumptions
Rate of return on LT Treasury Composite1 RF 4.55%
Expected rate of return on market portfolio2 E(RM) 13.63%
Systematic risk (β) of Verizon Communications Inc. common stock βVZ 0.41
 
Expected rate of return on Verizon Communications Inc. common stock3 E(RVZ) 8.28%

1 Unweighted average of bid yields on all outstanding fixed-coupon U.S. Treasury bonds neither due or callable in less than 10 years (risk-free rate of return proxy).

2 See details »

3 E(RVZ) = RF + βVZ [E(RM) – RF]
= 4.55% + 0.41 [13.63%4.55%]
= 8.28%