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Chevron Corp. (CVX) | Analysis of Inventory

Inventory Accounting Policy

Crude oil, petroleum products and chemicals inventories are generally stated at cost, using a last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. In the aggregate, these costs are below market. “Materials, supplies and other” inventories generally are stated at average cost.

Source: Chevron Corp., Annual Report

Inventory Disclosure

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Chevron Corp., Statement of Financial Position, Inventory

USD $ in millions

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
Crude oil and petroleum products
Chemicals
Materials, supplies and other
Inventories

Source: Based on data from Chevron Corp. Annual Reports

Item Description The company
Crude oil and petroleum products Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of finished goods inventories for petroleum products, crude oil, petrochemical products, and other oil and gas inventories. Chevron Corp.'s crude oil and petroleum products declined from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.
Chemicals Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of solvents or substances produced by or used in a process to change the shape, form or composition of some related matter. Chevron Corp.'s chemicals declined from 2008 to 2009 but then slightly increased from 2009 to 2010.
Materials, supplies and other Aggregated amount of unprocessed materials to be used in manufacturing or production process and supplies that will be consumed. Chevron Corp.'s materials, supplies and other increased from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.
Inventories Carrying amount (lower of cost or market) as of the balance sheet date of inventories less all valuation and other allowances. Excludes noncurrent inventory balances (expected to remain on hand past one year or one operating cycle, if longer). Chevron Corp.'s inventories declined from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.

Adjustment to Inventory: from LIFO to FIFO

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Adjusting LIFO Inventory to FIFO (Current) Cost

USD $ in millions

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  Adjustment to Inventories
Inventories at LIFO (as reported)
Add: LIFO reserve, ending balance
Inventories at FIFO (adjusted)
  Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported)
Add: LIFO reserve, ending balance
Current assets (adjusted)
  Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Add: LIFO reserve, ending balance
Total assets (adjusted)
  Adjustment to Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity
Chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity (as reported)
Add: LIFO reserve, ending balance
Chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity (adjusted)
  Adjustment to Net Income Attributable To Chevron Corporation
Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (as reported)
Add: Increase (decrease) in LIFO reserve, ending balance
Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (adjusted)

Chevron Corp.'s inventory value on Dec 31, 2010 would be $12,468  (in millions) if the FIFO inventory method was used instead of LIFO. Chevron Corp.'s inventories, valued on a LIFO basis, on Dec 31, 2010 were $5,493 . Chevron Corp.'s inventories would have been $6,975  higher than reported on Dec 31, 2010 if the FIFO method had been used instead.

Adjusted Ratios: LIFO vs. FIFO (Summary)

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Chevron Corp., adjusted ratios

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  Current Ratio
Reported current ratio (LIFO)
Adjusted current ratio (FIFO)
  Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin (LIFO) % % % % %
Adjusted net profit margin (FIFO) % % % % %
  Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover (LIFO)
Adjusted total asset turnover (FIFO)
  Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage (LIFO)
Adjusted financial leverage (FIFO)
  Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE (LIFO) % % % % %
Adjusted ROE (FIFO) % % % % %
  Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA (LIFO) % % % % %
Adjusted ROA (FIFO) % % % % %
Ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by current liabilities. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted current ratio improved from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted net profit margin deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then improved from 2009 to 2010 exceeding 2008 level.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted total asset turnover deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then slightly improved from 2009 to 2010.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.
Chevron Corp.'s adjusted financial leverage declined from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders' equity. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then improved from 2009 to 2010 not reaching 2008 level.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then improved from 2009 to 2010 not reaching 2008 level.

Adjusted Current Ratio

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  As Reported
Current assets (USD $ in millions)
Current liabilities (USD $ in millions)
   
Current ratio1
  Adjusted: from LIFO to FIFO
Adjusted current assets (USD $ in millions)
Current liabilities (USD $ in millions)
   
Adjusted current ratio2

2010 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by current liabilities. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted current ratio improved from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  As Reported
Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (USD $ in millions)
Sales and other operating revenues (USD $ in millions)
   
Net profit margin1 % % % % %
  Adjusted: from LIFO to FIFO
Adjusted net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (USD $ in millions)
Sales and other operating revenues (USD $ in millions)
   
Adjusted net profit margin2 % % % % %

2010 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation ÷ Sales and other operating revenues
= 100 × ÷ = %

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Chevron Corporation ÷ Sales and other operating revenues
= 100 × ÷ = %

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted net profit margin deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then improved from 2009 to 2010 exceeding 2008 level.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  As Reported
Sales and other operating revenues (USD $ in millions)
Total assets (USD $ in millions)
   
Total asset turnover1
  Adjusted: from LIFO to FIFO
Sales and other operating revenues (USD $ in millions)
Adjusted total assets (USD $ in millions)
   
Adjusted total asset turnover2

2010 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Sales and other operating revenues ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Sales and other operating revenues ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted total asset turnover deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then slightly improved from 2009 to 2010.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  As Reported
Total assets (USD $ in millions)
Chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity (USD $ in millions)
   
Financial leverage1
  Adjusted: from LIFO to FIFO
Adjusted total assets (USD $ in millions)
Adjusted chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity (USD $ in millions)
   
Adjusted financial leverage2

2010 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.
Chevron Corp.'s adjusted financial leverage declined from 2008 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2010.

Adjusted Return On Equity (ROE)

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  As Reported
Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (USD $ in millions)
Chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity (USD $ in millions)
   
ROE1 % % % % %
  Adjusted: from LIFO to FIFO
Adjusted net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (USD $ in millions)
Adjusted chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity (USD $ in millions)
   
Adjusted ROE2 % % % % %

2010 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation ÷ Chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ = %

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Chevron Corporation ÷ Adjusted chevron Corporation stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ = %

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders' equity. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then improved from 2009 to 2010 not reaching 2008 level.

Adjusted Return On Assets (ROA)

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    Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008 Dec 31, 2007 Dec 31, 2006
  As Reported
Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (USD $ in millions)
Total assets (USD $ in millions)
   
ROA1 % % % % %
  Adjusted: from LIFO to FIFO
Adjusted net income attributable to Chevron Corporation (USD $ in millions)
Adjusted total assets (USD $ in millions)
   
Adjusted ROA2 % % % % %

2010 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to Chevron Corporation ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ = %

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Chevron Corporation ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ = %

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Chevron Corp.'s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2008 to 2009 but then improved from 2009 to 2010 not reaching 2008 level.

February 7, 2012

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