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Exxon Mobil Corp. (XOM) | Analysis of Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Exxon Mobil Corp., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

USD $ in millions

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  12 months ended Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
Federal 1,791  1,547  1,224  (838) 3,005 
Non-U.S. 25,650  28,849  21,093  15,830  31,377 
U.S. tax on non-U.S. operations 89  15  46  32  230 
State 602  480  340  110  461 
Current 28,132  30,891  22,703  15,134  35,073 
Federal 1,097  1,577  49  650  168 
Non-U.S. 1,816  (1,417) (1,191) (665) 1,289 
Deferred, net 2,913  160  (1,142) (15) 1,457 
Income tax expense 31,045  31,051  21,561  15,119  36,530 

Source: Based on data from Exxon Mobil Corp. Annual Reports

Item Description The company
Current The component of income tax expense for the period representing amounts of income taxes paid or payable (or refundable) for the period for all income tax obligations as determined by applying the provisions of relevant enacted tax laws to relevant amounts of taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s current increased from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly declined from 2011 to 2012.
Deferred, net The component of income tax expense for the period representing the net change in the entity's deferred tax assets and liabilities pertaining to continuing operations. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s deferred, net increased from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.
Income tax expense The sum of the current income tax expense (benefit) and the deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations; income tax expense (benefit) may include interest and penalties on tax uncertainties based on the entity's accounting policy. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s income tax expense increased from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly declined from 2011 to 2012.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Exxon Mobil Corp., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

USD $ in millions

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
Pension and other postretirement benefits 8,041  7,930  5,634  5,442  6,275 
Asset retirement obligations 5,826  5,302  4,461  3,978  1,837 
Tax loss carryforwards 2,989  3,166  3,243  3,693  2,850 
Other assets 6,135  7,079  6,070  4,700  3,437 
Deferred tax assets, gross 22,991  23,477  19,408  17,813  14,399 
Asset valuation allowances (1,615) (1,304) (1,183) (1,495) (1,264)
Deferred tax assets, net 21,376  22,173  18,225  16,318  13,135 
Property, plant and equipment (48,720) (45,951) (42,657) (29,931) (25,608)
Other liabilities (3,680) (4,281) (4,278) (4,102) (3,589)
Deferred tax liabilities (52,400) (50,232) (46,935) (34,033) (29,197)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) (31,024) (28,059) (28,710) (17,715) (16,062)

Source: Based on data from Exxon Mobil Corp. Annual Reports

Item Description The company
Deferred tax assets, gross The sum of the tax effects as of the balance sheet date of the amounts of all future tax deductions arising from temporary differences between tax basis and generally accepted accounting principles basis recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when permitted under enacted tax laws (before the valuation allowance, if any, to reduce such sum amount to net realizable value). Includes any tax benefit realized in deferred tax assets for significant impacts of tax planning strategies. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s deferred tax assets, gross increased from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly declined from 2011 to 2012.
Deferred tax assets, net The aggregate tax effects as of the balance sheet date of all future tax deductions arising from temporary differences between tax basis and generally accepted accounting principles basis recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when permitted under enacted tax laws; net of deducting the allocated valuation allowance, if any, to reduce such amount to net realizable value. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s deferred tax assets, net increased from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly declined from 2011 to 2012.
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) For entities that net deferred tax assets and tax liabilities, represents the unclassified net amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date, which result from applying the applicable enacted tax rate to net temporary differences and carryforwards pertaining to assets or liabilities. A temporary difference is a difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its carrying amount in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that will reverse in ensuing periods. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s net deferred tax assets (liabilities) increased from 2010 to 2011 but then declined significantly from 2011 to 2012.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Exxon Mobil Corp., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

USD $ in millions

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
Current deferred tax assets (included in other current assets) 3,540  4,549  3,359  3,322  2,097 
Noncurrent deferred tax assets (included on other assets, including intangibles, net) 3,269  4,218  3,527  2,263  1,725 
Current deferred tax liabilities (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) 263  208  446  152  158 
Noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities 37,570  36,618  35,150  23,148  19,726 

Source: Based on data from Exxon Mobil Corp. Annual Reports

Item Description The company
Current deferred tax assets (included in other current assets) The current portion of the aggregate tax effects as of the balance sheet date of all future tax deductions arising from temporary differences between tax basis and generally accepted accounting principles basis recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when permitted under enacted tax laws; after deducting the allocated valuation allowance, if any, to reduce such amount to net realizable value. Deferred tax liabilities and assets shall be classified as current or noncurrent based on the classification of the related asset or liability for financial reporting. A deferred tax liability or asset that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting, including deferred tax assets related to carryforwards, shall be classified according to the expected reversal date of the temporary difference. An unrecognized tax benefit that is directly related to a position taken in a tax year that results in a net operating loss carryforward should be presented as a reduction of the related deferred tax asset. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s current deferred tax assets (included in other current assets) increased from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly declined from 2011 to 2012 not reaching 2010 level.
Noncurrent deferred tax assets (included on other assets, including intangibles, net) The noncurrent portion as of the balance sheet date of the aggregate carrying amount of all future tax deductions arising from temporary differences between tax basis and generally accepted accounting principles basis recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when permitted under enacted tax laws; after the valuation allowance, if any, to reduce such amount to net realizable value. Deferred tax liabilities and assets shall be classified as current or noncurrent based on the classification of the related asset or liability for financial reporting. A deferred tax liability or asset that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting, including deferred tax assets related to carryforwards, shall be classified according to the expected reversal date of the temporary difference. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s noncurrent deferred tax assets (included on other assets, including intangibles, net) increased from 2010 to 2011 but then declined significantly from 2011 to 2012.
Current deferred tax liabilities (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) Represents the current portion of deferred tax liabilities, which result from applying the applicable tax rate to net taxable temporary differences pertaining to each jurisdiction to which the entity is obligated to pay income tax. A current taxable temporary difference is a difference between the tax basis and the carrying amount of a current asset or liability in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. In a classified statement of financial position, an enterprise shall separate deferred tax liabilities and assets into a current amount and a noncurrent amount. Deferred tax liabilities and assets shall be classified as current or noncurrent based on the classification of the related asset or liability for financial reporting. A deferred tax liability or asset that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting, including deferred tax assets related to carryforwards, shall be classified according to the expected reversal date of the temporary difference. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s current deferred tax liabilities (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) declined from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly increased from 2011 to 2012.
Noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities Represents the noncurrent portion of deferred tax liabilities, which result from applying the applicable tax rate to net taxable temporary differences pertaining to each jurisdiction to which the entity is obligated to pay income tax. A noncurrent taxable temporary difference is a difference between the tax basis and the carrying amount of a noncurrent asset or liability in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. In a classified statement of financial position, an enterprise shall separate deferred tax liabilities and assets into a current amount and a noncurrent amount. Deferred tax liabilities and assets shall be classified as current or noncurrent based on the classification of the related asset or liability for financial reporting. A deferred tax liability or asset that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting, including deferred tax assets related to carryforwards, shall be classified according to the expected reversal date of the temporary difference. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities increased from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.

Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Deferred Taxes

Exxon Mobil Corp., adjustments to financial data

USD $ in millions

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported) 64,460  72,963  58,984  55,235  72,266 
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net 3,540  4,549  3,359  3,322  2,097 
Current assets (adjusted) 60,920  68,414  55,625  51,913  70,169 
  Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported) 333,795  331,052  302,510  233,323  228,052 
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net 3,540  4,549  3,359  3,322  2,097 
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net 3,269  4,218  3,527  2,263  1,725 
Total assets (adjusted) 326,986  322,285  295,624  227,738  224,230 
  Adjustment to Current Liabilities
Current liabilities (as reported) 64,139  77,505  62,633  52,061  49,100 
Less: Current deferred tax liabilities, net 263  208  446  152  158 
Current liabilities (adjusted) 63,876  77,297  62,187  51,909  48,942 
  Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported) 162,135  170,308  149,831  117,931  110,529 
Less: Current deferred tax liabilities, net 263  208  446  152  158 
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net 37,570  36,618  35,150  23,148  19,726 
Total liabilities (adjusted) 124,302  133,482  114,235  94,631  90,645 
  Adjustment to Total ExxonMobil Share Of Equity
Total ExxonMobil share of equity (as reported) 165,863  154,396  146,839  110,569  112,965 
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net 3,540  4,549  3,359  3,322  2,097 
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net 3,269  4,218  3,527  2,263  1,725 
Add: Current deferred tax liabilities, net 263  208  446  152  158 
Add: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net 37,570  36,618  35,150  23,148  19,726 
Total ExxonMobil share of equity (adjusted) 196,887  182,455  175,549  128,284  129,027 
  Adjustment to Net Income Attributable To ExxonMobil
Net income attributable to ExxonMobil (as reported) 44,880  41,060  30,460  19,280  45,220 
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 2,913  160  (1,142) (15) 1,457 
Net income attributable to ExxonMobil (adjusted) 47,793  41,220  29,318  19,265  46,677 

Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

Exxon Mobil Corp., adjusted ratios

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  Current Ratio
Reported current ratio 1.01 0.94 0.94 1.06 1.47
Adjusted current ratio 0.95 0.89 0.89 1.00 1.43
  Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin 9.90% 8.79% 8.23% 6.39% 9.84%
Adjusted net profit margin 10.55% 8.83% 7.92% 6.39% 10.16%
  Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover 1.36 1.41 1.22 1.29 2.02
Adjusted total asset turnover 1.39 1.45 1.25 1.32 2.05
  Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage 2.01 2.14 2.06 2.11 2.02
Adjusted financial leverage 1.66 1.77 1.68 1.78 1.74
  Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE 27.06% 26.59% 20.74% 17.44% 40.03%
Adjusted ROE 24.27% 22.59% 16.70% 15.02% 36.18%
  Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA 13.45% 12.40% 10.07% 8.26% 19.83%
Adjusted ROA 14.62% 12.79% 9.92% 8.46% 20.82%
Ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted current ratio deteriorated from 2010 to 2011 but then improved from 2011 to 2012 exceeding 2010 level.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted net profit margin improved from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted total asset turnover improved from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly deteriorated from 2011 to 2012.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.
Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted financial leverage increased from 2010 to 2011 but then declined significantly from 2011 to 2012.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders' equity. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted ROE improved from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted ROA improved from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.

Adjusted Current Ratio

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  As Reported
Current assets (USD $ in millions) 64,460  72,963  58,984  55,235  72,266 
Current liabilities (USD $ in millions) 64,139  77,505  62,633  52,061  49,100 
   
Current ratio1 1.01 0.94 0.94 1.06 1.47
  Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Adjusted current assets (USD $ in millions) 60,920  68,414  55,625  51,913  70,169 
Adjusted current liabilities (USD $ in millions) 63,876  77,297  62,187  51,909  48,942 
   
Adjusted current ratio2 0.95 0.89 0.89 1.00 1.43

2012 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= 64,460 ÷ 64,139 = 1.01

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Adjusted current liabilities
= 60,920 ÷ 63,876 = 0.95

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted current ratio deteriorated from 2010 to 2011 but then improved from 2011 to 2012 exceeding 2010 level.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  As Reported
Net income attributable to ExxonMobil (USD $ in millions) 44,880  41,060  30,460  19,280  45,220 
Sales and other operating revenue (USD $ in millions) 453,123  467,029  370,125  301,500  459,579 
   
Net profit margin1 9.90% 8.79% 8.23% 6.39% 9.84%
  Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Adjusted net income attributable to ExxonMobil (USD $ in millions) 47,793  41,220  29,318  19,265  46,677 
Sales and other operating revenue (USD $ in millions) 453,123  467,029  370,125  301,500  459,579 
   
Adjusted net profit margin2 10.55% 8.83% 7.92% 6.39% 10.16%

2012 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to ExxonMobil ÷ Sales and other operating revenue
= 100 × 44,880 ÷ 453,123 = 9.90%

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to ExxonMobil ÷ Sales and other operating revenue
= 100 × 47,793 ÷ 453,123 = 10.55%

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted net profit margin improved from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  As Reported
Sales and other operating revenue (USD $ in millions) 453,123  467,029  370,125  301,500  459,579 
Total assets (USD $ in millions) 333,795  331,052  302,510  233,323  228,052 
   
Total asset turnover1 1.36 1.41 1.22 1.29 2.02
  Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Sales and other operating revenue (USD $ in millions) 453,123  467,029  370,125  301,500  459,579 
Adjusted total assets (USD $ in millions) 326,986  322,285  295,624  227,738  224,230 
   
Adjusted total asset turnover2 1.39 1.45 1.25 1.32 2.05

2012 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Sales and other operating revenue ÷ Total assets
= 453,123 ÷ 333,795 = 1.36

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Sales and other operating revenue ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 453,123 ÷ 326,986 = 1.39

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted total asset turnover improved from 2010 to 2011 but then slightly deteriorated from 2011 to 2012.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  As Reported
Total assets (USD $ in millions) 333,795  331,052  302,510  233,323  228,052 
Total ExxonMobil share of equity (USD $ in millions) 165,863  154,396  146,839  110,569  112,965 
   
Financial leverage1 2.01 2.14 2.06 2.11 2.02
  Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Adjusted total assets (USD $ in millions) 326,986  322,285  295,624  227,738  224,230 
Adjusted total ExxonMobil share of equity (USD $ in millions) 196,887  182,455  175,549  128,284  129,027 
   
Adjusted financial leverage2 1.66 1.77 1.68 1.78 1.74

2012 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Total ExxonMobil share of equity
= 333,795 ÷ 165,863 = 2.01

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted total ExxonMobil share of equity
= 326,986 ÷ 196,887 = 1.66

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.
Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted financial leverage increased from 2010 to 2011 but then declined significantly from 2011 to 2012.

Adjusted Return On Equity (ROE)

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  As Reported
Net income attributable to ExxonMobil (USD $ in millions) 44,880  41,060  30,460  19,280  45,220 
Total ExxonMobil share of equity (USD $ in millions) 165,863  154,396  146,839  110,569  112,965 
   
ROE1 27.06% 26.59% 20.74% 17.44% 40.03%
  Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Adjusted net income attributable to ExxonMobil (USD $ in millions) 47,793  41,220  29,318  19,265  46,677 
Adjusted total ExxonMobil share of equity (USD $ in millions) 196,887  182,455  175,549  128,284  129,027 
   
Adjusted ROE2 24.27% 22.59% 16.70% 15.02% 36.18%

2012 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to ExxonMobil ÷ Total ExxonMobil share of equity
= 100 × 44,880 ÷ 165,863 = 27.06%

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to ExxonMobil ÷ Adjusted total ExxonMobil share of equity
= 100 × 47,793 ÷ 196,887 = 24.27%

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders' equity. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted ROE improved from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.

Adjusted Return On Assets (ROA)

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    Dec 31, 2012 Dec 31, 2011 Dec 31, 2010 Dec 31, 2009 Dec 31, 2008
  As Reported
Net income attributable to ExxonMobil (USD $ in millions) 44,880  41,060  30,460  19,280  45,220 
Total assets (USD $ in millions) 333,795  331,052  302,510  233,323  228,052 
   
ROA1 13.45% 12.40% 10.07% 8.26% 19.83%
  Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Adjusted net income attributable to ExxonMobil (USD $ in millions) 47,793  41,220  29,318  19,265  46,677 
Adjusted total assets (USD $ in millions) 326,986  322,285  295,624  227,738  224,230 
   
Adjusted ROA2 14.62% 12.79% 9.92% 8.46% 20.82%

2012 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to ExxonMobil ÷ Total assets
= 100 × 44,880 ÷ 333,795 = 13.45%

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to ExxonMobil ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × 47,793 ÷ 326,986 = 14.62%

Ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Exxon Mobil Corp.'s adjusted ROA improved from 2010 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2012.