Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

The liabilities and stockholders’ equity reports major classes and amounts of external claims on assets and owners’ capital contributions, and other internally generated sources of capital.

Analysis of Reportable Segments

Chevron Corp. operates in 2 segments: Upstream and Downstream.

• Segment Profit Margin
• Segment Return on Assets (Segment ROA)
• Segment Asset Turnover
• Segment sales and other operating revenues
• Segment net income (loss)
• Segment assets

Common Stock Valuation Ratios
Quarterly Data

Relative valuation technique determine the value of Chevron Corp. by comparing it to similar entities (like industry or sector) on the basis of several relative ratios that compare its stock price to relevant variables that affect the stock value, such as earnings, book value, and sales.

• Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
• Price to Earnings (P/E)
• Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
• Price to Sales (P/S)
• Price to Book Value (P/BV)

Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures how efficiently Chevron Corp. generates revenues from its investments in fixed or total assets.

• Long-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Net Fixed Asset Turnover
• Total Asset Turnover
• Equity Turnover

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin

An approach to decomposing Chevron Corp. return on equity, return on assets, and net profit margin ratio as the product of other financial ratios.

• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Chevron Corp. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Chevron Corp. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)

The FCFE valuation approach estimates the value of equity as the present value of future FCFE discounted at the required rate of return on equity.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• FCFE Growth Rate (g)

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Assets

Assets components shown as percentage of total assets.

Aggregate Accruals

Financial reporting quality relates to the accuracy with which Chevron Corp. reported financial statements reflect its operating performance and to their usefulness for forecasting future cash flows.
Aggregate accruals deriving measures of the accrual component of Chevron Corp. earnings.

• Balance-Sheet-Based Accruals Ratio
• Cash-Flow-Statement-Based Accruals Ratio

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Chevron Corp. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Chevron Corp. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

The dividend discount model (DDM) is a technique for estimating the value of a share of Chevron Corp. common stock issue as the present value of all future dividends.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• Dividend Growth Rate (g)

Analysis of Liquidity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures the adequacy of a Chevron Corp. cash resources to meet its near-term cash obligations.

• Liquidity Ratios (Summary)
• Current Ratio
• Quick Ratio
• Cash Ratio