Stock Analysis on Net

International Business Machines Corp. (NYSE:IBM)

Analysis of Debt

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Total Debt (Carrying Amount)

International Business Machines Corp., balance sheet: debt

US$ in millions

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Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Short-term debt 6,426 4,760 6,787 7,183 8,797
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities 50,121 46,189 44,917 54,355 54,102
Total debt (carrying amount) 56,547 50,949 51,704 61,538 62,899

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Debt item Description The company
Total debt (carrying amount) Sum of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of all debt plus capital lease obligations. International Business Machines Corp. total debt decreased from 2021 to 2022 but then increased from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

Total Debt (Fair Value)

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Short-term debt 6,426
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities 48,284
Total debt (fair value) 54,710
Financial Ratio
Debt, fair value to carrying amount ratio 0.97

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31).


Weighted-average Interest Rate on Debt

Post-swap weighted-average interest rate on debt: 3.42%

Interest rate Debt amount1 Interest rate × Debt amount Weighted-average interest rate2
3.00% 48,803 1,464
6.10% 7,743 472
Total 56,546 1,936
3.42%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31).

1 US$ in millions

2 Weighted-average interest rate = 100 × 1,936 ÷ 56,546 = 3.42%


Interest Costs Incurred

International Business Machines Corp., interest costs incurred

US$ in millions

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12 months ended: Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Cost of financing 334 345 392 451 608
Interest expense 1,606 1,216 1,155 1,288 1,344
Interest capitalized 9 5 3 6 5
Interest paid and accrued 1,949 1,566 1,550 1,745 1,957

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Debt item Description The company
Interest expense Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense for debt. International Business Machines Corp. interest expense increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Interest capitalized Amount of interest costs capitalized disclosed as an adjusting item to interest costs incurred. International Business Machines Corp. interest capitalized increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Interest paid and accrued Total interest costs incurred during the period and either capitalized or charged against earnings. International Business Machines Corp. interest paid and accrued increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Interest Coverage Ratio

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Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to IBM 7,502 1,639 5,743 5,590 9,431
Add: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 16 20 19 22 25
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax (12) (143) 1,031 89 (4)
Add: Income tax expense 1,176 (626) 125 (864) 731
Add: Interest expense 1,607 1,216 1,155 1,288 1,344
Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) 10,313 2,392 6,011 5,947 11,535
 
Interest paid and accrued 1,949 1,566 1,550 1,745 1,957
Financial Ratio With and Without Capitalized Interest
Interest coverage ratio (without capitalized interest)1 6.42 1.97 5.20 4.62 8.58
Adjusted interest coverage ratio (with capitalized interest)2 5.29 1.53 3.88 3.41 5.89

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Interest coverage ratio (without capitalized interest) = EBIT ÷ Interest expense
= 10,313 ÷ 1,607 = 6.42

2 Adjusted interest coverage ratio (with capitalized interest) = EBIT ÷ Interest paid and accrued
= 10,313 ÷ 1,949 = 5.29


Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted interest coverage ratio A solvency ratio calculated as EBIT divided by interest payments (including capitalized interest). International Business Machines Corp. adjusted interest coverage ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.